As far back as 1969, academic women who never married earned more than academic men who never married. A study from 2005 showed that among college-educated, never-married individuals with no children who worked full-time and were from 40 to 64 years old—that is, beyond the child-bearing years—men averaged $40,000 a year in income, while women averaged $47,000. The most important reason why women earn less than men is not that they are paid less for doing the very same work but that they are distributed differently among jobs and have fewer hours and less continuity in the labor force. —Thomas Sowell
As far back as 1969, academic women who never married earned more than academic men who never married. A study from 2005 showed that among college-educated, never-married individuals with no children who worked full-time and were from 40 to 64 years old—that is, beyond the child-bearing years—men averaged $40,000 a year in income, while women averaged $47,000. The most important reason why women earn less than men is not that they are paid less for doing the very same work but that they are distributed differently among jobs and have fewer hours and less continuity in the labor force. —Thomas Sowell
Although physical strength is no longer as major a factor as it once was, there are still particular industries today where considerable physical strength remains a requirement. —Thomas Sowell
Although physical strength is no longer as major a factor as it once was, there are still particular industries today where considerable physical strength remains a requirement. While women have been 74% that are classified as “clerical and kindred workers,” they have been:
Less than 5% of transport equipment operatives.
Less than 4% of extraction and maintenance workers.
Less than 3% of construction workers or loggers.
Less than 2% of roofers or masons.
Less than 1% of mechanics and technicians who service heavy vehicles and mobile equipment.
Such occupational distributions have obvious economic implications, since miners earn nearly double the income of office clerks. There is a premium paid for workers doing hazardous work, which often overlaps work requiring physical strength. While men are 54% of the labor force, they are 92% of the job-related deaths.
Although physical strength is no longer as major a factor as it once was, there are still particular industries today where considerable physical strength remains a requirement. While women have been 74% that are classified as “clerical and kindred workers,” they have been:
Less than 5% of transport equipment operatives.
Less than 4% of extraction and maintenance workers.
Less than 3% of construction workers or loggers.
Less than 2% of roofers or masons.
Less than 1% of mechanics and technicians who service heavy vehicles and mobile equipment.
Such occupational distributions have obvious economic implications, since miners earn nearly double the income of office clerks. There is a premium paid for workers doing hazardous work, which often overlaps work requiring physical strength. While men are 54% of the labor force, they are 92% of the job-related deaths.
Women in most countries are going on to higher education in numbers comparable to men—and, in some countries, more often than men. In Japan there are 90 women enrolled in higher education for every 100 men, in the United States 140 women for every 100 men and, in Sweden, 150 women for every 100 men. There is no question that the sexes have often been treated differently [with regards to education]. But few societies today have such severe restrictions on the education of girls, at least not in the Western world. —Thomas Sowell
Women in most countries are going on to higher education in numbers comparable to men—and, in some countries, more often than men. In Japan there are 90 women enrolled in higher education for every 100 men, in the United States 140 women for every 100 men and, in Sweden, 150 women for every 100 men. There is no question that the sexes have often been treated differently [with regards to education]. But few societies today have such severe restrictions on the education of girls, at least not in the Western world. —Thomas Sowell
![Women in most countries are going on to higher education in numbers comparable to men—and, in some countries, more often than men. In Japan there are 90 women enrolled in higher education for every 100 men, in the United States 140 women for every 100 men and, in Sweden, 150 women for every 100 men. There is no question that the sexes have often been treated differently [with regards to education]. But few societies today have such severe restrictions on the education of girls, at least not in the Western world. —Thomas Sowell](https://misesmemes.com/wp-content/uploads/f1380-thomas-sowell-women-higher-education.png)
![Women in most countries are going on to higher education in numbers comparable to men—and, in some countries, more often than men. In Japan there are 90 women enrolled in higher education for every 100 men, in the United States 140 women for every 100 men and, in Sweden, 150 women for every 100 men. There is no question that the sexes have often been treated differently [with regards to education]. But few societies today have such severe restrictions on the education of girls, at least not in the Western world. —Thomas Sowell](https://misesmemes.com/wp-content/uploads/lw1380-thomas-sowell-women-higher-education.png)
![Women in most countries are going on to higher education in numbers comparable to men—and, in some countries, more often than men. In Japan there are 90 women enrolled in higher education for every 100 men, in the United States 140 women for every 100 men and, in Sweden, 150 women for every 100 men. There is no question that the sexes have often been treated differently [with regards to education]. But few societies today have such severe restrictions on the education of girls, at least not in the Western world. —Thomas Sowell](https://misesmemes.com/wp-content/uploads/lf1380-thomas-sowell-women-higher-education.png)